HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filters are designed to remove at least 99.97% of airborne particles that are 0.3 micrometers in diameter, which are the most difficult particles to filter.
To give you an idea of the efficiency of these filters (they are not called high-efficiency for nothing!), they were designed in the 1940s to be used in the Manhattan Project to filter airborne radioactive particles. Today, these filters are used in the pharmaceutical, aerospace, electronic, health care, nuclear, and other high technology industries that demand a high degree of quality.
HEPA vacuum cleaners have helped allergy and asthma sufferers by removing fine particles such as pollen and dust mite feces from the air, which are some of the most common triggers of allergy and asthma symptoms from your indoor air.
When you're shopping for a HEPA vacuum, you should look for Sealed HEPA or True HEPA units, as these force all air that enters the vacuum to pass the HEPA filter before leaving the vacuum. Other inferior vacuum cleaners may only filter some of the air, with the rest being expelled through the edges of the filter or elsewhere in the unit, severely affecting the effectiveness of the vacuum.
There are two types of HEPA vacuum cleaner units, namely upright and canister units.
Upright units are the typical vacuum cleaners you see, standing up in a single unit, perhaps with some attachment hoses and other accessories. These types of vacuums usually leak more dusty air back into your home.
Canister units are usually your best choice for true filtration. They are generally small and compact, with a set of wheels to follow you as you vaccum. Canister HEPA vacuums have a long hose with several attachments that let you reach the most hard to reach areas.
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